• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A jackknifing limiting device for articulated motor vehicles in which the vehicle has a front section and a rear section which are connected by a hinge therebetween, the device acting to limit the angle between the front and rear sections when the vehicle is turning, the device comprising a pair of hydraulic cylinders flanking the hinge and connected between the front and rear sections and a reservoir containing hydraulic fluid for the cylinders. Respective pressure regulating valves are connected between the reservoir and the cylinders and open unidirectionally toward the reservoir, with respective solenoid stop valves connected between the regulating valves and the reservoir, the stop valves being normally open. Respective check valves are provided in respective bypass lines connected between the reservoir and the cylinders, the check valves opening unidirectionally toward the cylinders. Respective switches are connected to the solenoid valves and are selectively operable upon the turning of the vehicle in a particular direction, the switches acting to selectively energize and close the respective solenoid valve associated with the cylinder on the side of the hinge opposite from the direction of turning, the closing of the respective solenoid valve acting to prevent the opening of the respective regulating valve associated therewith.
    公开号:SU1032997A3
    申请号:SU803225655
    申请日:1980-12-26
    公开日:1983-07-30
    发明作者:Ратшко Иштван；Караси Дьердь；Мади Ене；Ивоньи Йожеф
    申请人:Аутоипари Кутато Интезет (Инопредприятие)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a transport engineering, namely, devices for limiting, folding the saddle pole in the wrong direction.
    A device is known for limiting the folding angle of articulated sections of an autotrain containing at least two actuating hydraulic cylinders whose working cavities are connected via control valves with a hydraulic tank, and a sensor unit for the direction of rotation of the control wheels of the front axle mounted between two sections of the articulated train and associated with a steering shaft, steering wheels of the front axle and the above-mentioned control valves with the possibility of locking one of them when the steering wheels are turned to one side and the other, when turning the controlled wheels in the opposite direction L 1.
    A disadvantage of the known device is that it does not prevent spontaneous displacement. second chassis when driving in a turn towards the inner
    side of the turn.

    The purpose of the invention is to eliminate the noted disadvantage, namely the improvement of the control of the train.
    This goal is achieved by having a device containing at least two actuating cylinders whose working cavities are connected via control valves to the hydraulic tank and a sensor unit for the direction of rotation of the front axle steerable wheels mounted between the sections of the train and coupled to the steering shaft. the control wheels of the front axle and the mentioned control valves with the possibility of locking one of them when turning the control wheels 8 one side and the other t when turning the control wheels counter The aft side is equipped with two bypass valves with adjustable threshold of operation, throttling the fluid flow in the hydrolines from the working cavities of the actuating hydraulic cylinders to the control valves and further to the hydraulic tank, and two hydraulic lines with non-return valves preventing the liquid from flowing from the hydraulic tank into the working cavities actuating hydraulic cylinders, each separate hydroline with a check valve under which is parallel to the corresponding hydraulic line with bypass and controlled valves, Equalizing valves are made with an electromagnetic control system connected to a power source by means of wheel direction sensors, which are contact switches mechanically connected to the steering shaft.
    In addition, it is equipped with a folding angle sensor for the sections, kinematically associated with the shut-off elements of the relief valves.
    At the same time, the kinematic connection of the folding angle sensor c. With the shut-off valve and the elements of the relief valves consists of two pushing rods of variable length, fixed by their ends on the locking elements and resting on the other ends of the shoulders front section, connected by a lever system with the element of the folding angle sensor, which is hinged at the rear
    In the section 0, the push rod, the said double-arm lever in the position of the train, corresponding to the direction of linear motion, is fixed symmetrically and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the train. .
    FIG. 1 is schematically depicted. . A top view of a device built into an articulated auto train for limiting the angle of curvature; FIG. 2 - hydraulic and electrical circuit of the device; in fig. 3- the execution of the proposed device, equipped with a folding angle sensor.
     The first section 1 and the second section 2 of the articulated articulated train 3 are connected by the hinge k. Front wheels 5 and 6, located on the front axle 7 of articulated
    road trains 3 are controlled by the steering shaft 8 of the steering wheel and the steering wheel 9 fixed on it.
    The device can also be embedded-; with articulated road trains 3 in which the drive is e-; with the rear axle 10 of the first section 1 or, respectively, the axis 11 of the second section
    2. Between the first section 1 and the second section 2 are located executive cylinders 12 and 13, the working cavities 14 and 15 of which are separately connected to adjustable valves 16 and 17, to which are sequentially connected respectively one controlled valve 18 and 19, connected to A common cylinder 20, Control valves 18 and 19 are connected via connections 21 and 22 to the sensor unit of the direction of rotation of the control wheels 23 connected to the steering shaft 8. Parallel to the valve 1b and the control valve 18, a check valve 24 is built in, locking from ra eyes cavity 14 to tank 20, and parallel to the adjustable valve 17 and the controlled valve 19. The check valve 25 is built, zapirayuschiys in the direction from the working chamber 15 to tank 20.
    The layout drawing shown in FIG. 1 corresponds to the shape of the device for limiting the folding angle shown in FIG. 3, since the adjustable valves 16 and 17 are in operative communication with the folding angle sensors 2b and 27.
    The device for limiting the folding angle (Fig. 2) is not equipped with a folding angle sensor. The actuating cylinders 12 and 13 are hinged on the first section, their rods 28 and 29 are on the second section 2. The working cavity 14 is connected via hydraulic line 30 to an adjustable valve 16, which is connected to control valve 18 through hydraulic line 31, and the latter , 32 to the hydraulic tank 20. On the saddle 33 of the adjustable valve 16, the locking element 34 is loaded, loaded with a spring. The moving element of the electromagnet 35 of the electro-hydraulic controlled valve 18 is a valve piston 36 located in the valve housing 37. The control valve 18 in the de-energized state is in the open position, i.e. it provides free flow of fluid between the hydraulic lines 31 and 32. Parallel to the adjustable valve 16 and the controlled valve 18 through the hydraulic line ZV, which enters the hydraulic tank 20, a check valve 24 is built in, and a non-return valve 24
    it is locked in the direction of the hydraulic tank 20. The electromagnet 35 is connected via a connection 21 to a movable contact 40 passing in a slider 41 and forming, together with a common contact 42 fixed to the steering shaft B, the steering direction sensor of the steered wheels to the right. Common contact 42 through conductor 43, switch 44, conductor 45 is connected to one pole and a power supply 46, and the other pole is connected to ground via conductor 47.
    The electromagnet 35 through the conductor 4B in the same way is connected to the ground.
    The working cavity 15 is connected by means of a hydroline 49 to an adjustable valve 17, which is connected via a hydroline 50 to a controlled one. the valve 19, and the latter through the hydroline 51 to the hydraulic tank 20. On the saddle 52 of the adjustable valve 17 a locking element 53 is loaded, loaded with a spring. The moving element of the electromagnet 54 of the controlled valve 19 is the piston 55 of the valve, located in the valve housing 5b. The control valve 19 is in the de-energized state in the open position, i.e. it provides free flow of fluid between the hydraulic lines 50 and 51. Parallel to the adjustable valve 17 and the controlled valve 19 through the hydraulic line 57, which enters the hydraulic line 49 and the hydraulic line 5B, which enters the hydraulic tank 20, a non-return valve 25 is integrated, the non-return valve 25 it is locked in direction to the hydraulic tank 20. The electromagnet 54 is connected through the coupling 22 to the movable contact 59, which passes in the slider 60 and forms, with the common contact fixed on the steering shaft B, the steering direction sensor of the steered wheels to the left.
    The device works as follows.
    When the articulated articulated trailer 3 moves straight in the middle position of the steering wheel 9, there is an air gap between common contact 42 and moving contacts 40 and 59, current circuits are open, electromagnets 35 and 54 are de-energized, and control valves 18 and 19 are in open position. When the truck 3 rotates to the left when the steering wheel E rotates to the left, the common contact t2, after exceeding the established air gap, comes in contact with the moving contact 59, which closes the electromagnet current circuit k, the electromagnet 5 under the current moves the valve piston 55 in the lock direction and thereby preventing the flow of fluid between the lines 50 and 51. The rod 28 is turned to the left, which is in motion. The articulated articulated autotrain 3 moves in the direction of compression, the fluid from the working cavity 15 flows over. cut hydroline. 30 to the adjustable valve 16, opens, against the load of the spring, the locking element 3, i.e. raises it from the valve seat 33 and flows through the hydraulic line 31, through the controlled valve 18, which is in the open state, and the hydraulic line 32 to the hydraulic tank 20. At the same time, the rod 29 moves in the direction of expansion and the hydraulic fluid flows from the hydraulic tank 20 through hydroline 58, reverse valve 25 and hydrolines 57 and 9 for filling the working cavity 15. In this functional state, the device for limiting the folding angle creates a force determined by its size by the locking element 3 loaded with a spring or with tvetstvenno adjustable valve 1b dependent on the rate of change in the folding angle and acting navst rechu movement of rod 28 in the compression direction. This force, which acts to increase the folding angle, is especially necessary in articulated road trains with a driven axle of the second chassis so that the traction force does not cause the vehicle to fold too much. At the same time, the device for limiting the folding is already pre-blocked towards changing the folding yt, opposite to the folding direction / 1, corresponding to the direction of rotation of the steered wheels to the left, since the piston 55 of the valve is in a closed position and as a result, the liquid cannot flow from the working cavity 15 into The control of the hydraulic tank 20. When moving straight with the middle position of the steering wheel 9, the device for limiting the folding angle prevents the second section 2 in accordance with the characteristics This variable control valve 16 or, respectively, 17 is inclined in both directions, and in the same way becomes effective to combat skidding when braking. In the same way, the device works, it thaws when turning the steered wheels to the right. When reversing by means of the current switch 4, the blocking and control valves 18 and 19 can be brought to the non-working open position. The device for limiting the folding angle (Fig. 3) is equipped with a unit that perceives the value and direction of the folding angle between the first section 1 and the second section 2 in operative communication with pressure limiting valves 16 and 17 and affecting pressure limiting characteristics depending on the magnitude and rate of change of the folding angle. to the hinge 61 of the second section 2 is attached a pushing rod 62 of the folding angle sensor connected to one shoulder of the two shoulders lever 63 mounted on the axis 10 of the first section 1, to the other shoulder attached, on the contrary, the transfer rod 64 pivotally attached to the double shoulders lever 65 mounted on the hinge 66 of the first section. On the shoulder 67 of the two shoulders lever 65 is supported by its supporting surface 68, the pushing rod B9, which varies with its length, passes through the guide 70 and is connected to the locking element 3 of the adjustable valve 16, which is loaded with a spring at zero folding angle open position. The cylindrical section 71 of the pushing rod 69 of variable length comprises a pressure spring 72, a support plate 73 of the section Jk of the rod and a tendency to move the pushing rod b9-variable length in the direction of maximum / V1INY. On the shoulder 75 of the two shoulders lever 65, it is supported by its support surface 76 of the pushing member 77, which varies with its length, passes in the guide 78 and is connected to the locking element 53 adjustable in size 17, which, when loaded by a spring at zero folding angle, is in the otKpbiTOM position. The cylindrical section 79 of the pushing rod 77 of variable length comprises a pressure spring 80 supported on the plate 81 of the section 82 of the rod and tending to push the pushing rod 77 of variable length in the direction of maximum length. The design of the device for a limb (the folding angle, equipped with an inflection angle sensor, works similarly to the design shown in Fig. 2, the difference being that the pressure limiting characteristic of the locking elements H or, respectively, 53 saddles 33 or, accordingly, 52 the valve is in communication with the current folding angle. With the steering angle of steering wheels to the left with the vehicle in motion, the angle of inflection between the first section 1 and the second section 2 changes In this way, the pushing rod 62 of the inflection angle sensor moves in the direction of the first section, in accordance with which the two shoulders lever 63. and the arm 67 are rotated by the transfer rod 6 of the angular lever 65 (at the position shown), turns in the direction of the adjustable valve 16 and - squeezing the pushing rod b9 nepefneHHOH length, contrary to the spring 72, shifts it, and the pushing rod moves the locking element 3 in the direction of the valve seat 33 and thereby reduces the cross-section of fluid flow. As a consequence, the throttling effect of the adjustable valve 16 is increased, which is carried out in spite of the flow of the liquid, so; that the device creates a counter-effort against the movement of the rod 28 in the direction of compression and increasing with increasing magnitude of the bend angle. Similarly, the device works when turning the controlled co-i jec to the right. The proposed device provides improved control of the train.
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    - 1. DEVICE FOR RESTRICTING THE FOLDING ANGLE OF THE HINGE-JOINTED TRAFFIC SECTIONS, containing at least two actuating hydraulic cylinders, the working cavities of which are connected via controlled valves to the hydraulic tank, and the steering axle direction sensor unit of the steering axle mounted between the coupling train sections and the articulated train section controlling the wheels of the front axle and the aforementioned controlled valves with the possibility of locking one of them when turning the controlled wheels in one direction and the other when turning company of the steered wheels in the opposite storonu.otlichayuscheesya in that, in order to improve road train control device is provided with two bypass valves with adjustable threshold value, throttling the fluid flow in the hydraulic lines of the working cavities used. additional hydraulic cylinders to controlled valves and further to the hydraulic tank, and two hydraulic lines with reverse valves. panels that prevent fluid from flowing from the hydraulic tank into the working cavities of the executive hydraulic cylinders, and each individual hydraulic line with a check valve is connected in parallel with the corresponding hydraulic line with bypass and controlled valves, the controlled valves are made with an electromagnetic control system,. connected to a power source by means of wheel direction sensors, which are contact switches mechanically connected to the steering shaft.
    [2]
    2. The device according to p. ^ Characterized in that it is equipped with a sensor for folding angle of sections, kinematically connected with the locking V-elements of the bypass cla-Λ new.
    [3]
    3. The device according to π. 1, the fact is that the kinematic connection of the section folding angle sensor with the shut-off valves of the bypass valves is two pushing rods of variable length, fixed at one end on the shut-off elements and resting the other ends on the shoulders a two-shouldered lever mounted on the front section, connected by a lever system to an element of the folding angle sensor, which is a push rod pivotally mounted on the rear section, said two-armed lever in position a topoezda corresponding to the direction of rectilinear movement, fixed symmetrically and perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of trains.
    1 1032997
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    GB1331571A|1973-09-26|Means for preventing jack-knifing of articulated vehicles
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    PL128910B1|1984-03-31|
    CS236852B2|1985-05-15|
    PL228758A1|1981-09-04|
    BG43859A3|1988-08-15|
    HU179667B|1982-11-29|
    US4366966A|1983-01-04|
    CS919980A2|1984-06-18|
    DE3048186A1|1981-09-10|
    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    HUAU000439|HU179667B|1979-12-28|1979-12-28|Turn angle limiting device for jointed vehicle|
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